MARYLAND DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
ORIGIN
- State Board of Labor & Statistics
- Department of Employment Security
- Department of Employment & Social Services
- Department of Human Resources
![[photo, 500 North Calvert St., Baltimore, Maryland]](/msa/mdmanual/20dllr/images/1198-1-661b.jpg)
500 North Calvert St., Baltimore, Maryland, February 2004. Photo by Diane F. Evartt.
Departmental responsibilities for employment and training, and labor and industry date to the late nineteenth century. Then, farm labor was scarce and the labor reform movement was gaining momentum. The Bureau of Statistics and Information collected information on labor problems and abuses and reported annually to the General Assembly. In 1902, operation of a free State employment agency was added to Bureau responsibilities (Chapter 365, Acts of 1902).
At the end of the nineteenth century as Maryland professed a shortage of labor, the State aggressively sought a new work force. In 1896, the Bureau of Immigration was formed to attract European immigrants (Chapter 295, Acts of 1896). The State Superintendent of Immigration was authorized to go to other states and Canada, and to visit Europe each year and "remain at least four months in the prosecution of his work visiting the different countries." The Bureau secretary was to be conversant in German, Dutch, and French (Chapter 282, Acts of 1898). The office in Baltimore City was to keep well supplied "for ready reference" with maps, pamphlets and other statistics on geography, agriculture, shipping, marketing, and the social, educational and other conditions of each county, as well as the quantities and character of land for sale and its price. Though the Bureau of Immigration was abolished in 1916, by the 1920s the Southern Maryland Immigration Commission continued to seek immigrants for work in Calvert, Charles, Prince George's and St. Mary's counties (Chapter 496, Acts of 1922).
Department of Employment Security. A special legislative session in December 1936 enacted Maryland's unemployment compensation law. In compliance with federal law, it provided for free public re-employment offices. The Unemployment Compensation Board administered the laws with federal funds until 1937, when the Department of Employment Security was created with a Division of Employment Service and a Division of Unemployment Compensation.
Department of Employment and Social Services. The move to improve administration of State government by grouping agencies with related functions under cabinet-level executive departments produced in 1970 the Department of Employment and Social Services.
Department of Human Resources. In 1975, the Department of Employment and Social Services became the Department of Human Resources. Later, the Employment Security Administration (direct descendant of the Unemployment Compensation Board of 1936) was abolished and its responsibilities transferred from the Department of Human Resources to a new department.
Department of Employment and Training. The Department of Employment and Training was organized in 1983 (Chapter 64, Acts of 1983). Four years later, it was abolished. Nonetheless, its functions shifted to the Division of Employment and Training which formed within the Department of Economic and Employment Development in 1987. The Division joined the Department of Labor, Licensing, and Regulation in 1995.
Licensing and Regulatory Boards. The oldest of the Department's agencies date to the nineteenth century: the Bureau of Statistics and Information (1884); and the State Board of Examining Engineers (1892). More boards were established in the twentieth century: the Board of Examiners of Public Accountants (1900); the Board of Barber Examiners (1904); the State Board of Commissioners of Practical Plumbing (1910); the Maryland State Board of Censors (1916); the State Athletic Commission and Maryland Racing Commission (1920); the Board of Examiners and Registration of Architects, and the Board of Hairdressers and Beauty Culturists (1935); the State Board of Registration for Professional Engineers, and the Real Estate Commission of Maryland (1939); and the Maryland Home Improvement Commission (1962).
Central License Office. The first effort to bring together licensing and regulatory boards came in 1951, when the Central License Office was authorized to house five boards (Chapter 280, Acts of 1951). The Office provided office space and clerical services to the Board of Barber Examiners; the Board of Examining Engineers; the Board of Examiners of Motion Picture Machine Operators; the Board of Electrical Examiners and Supervisors; and the State Board of Commissioners of Practical Plumbing. Boards that licensed and regulated health care and environmental professionals were placed under the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene when that department was organized in 1969. A year later, the Central License Office was abolished.
Department of Licensing and Regulation. In 1970, the Department of Licensing and Regulation was formed to consolidate over thirty State agencies and boards responsible for licensing and regulating businesses, professions, and trades (Chapter 402, Acts of 1970). As new boards were created, they were placed under Department supervision: the Maryland Board of Examiners of Landscape Architects (1971); the State Board of Registration for Foresters (1972); the State Board of Registration for Professional Land Surveyors (1977); the State Commission of Real Estate Appraisers (1990); the State Board of Certified Interior Designers (1991); the State Board of Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration Contractors (1992); and the Office of Cemetery Oversight (1997).
Department of Labor, Licensing, and Regulation. In 1995, the Department of Licensing and Regulation reorganized as the Department of Labor, Licensing, and Regulation (Chapter 120, Acts of 1995; Code Business Regulation Article, secs. 2-101 through 2-110). At that time, the Division of Employment and Training transferred to the Department from the Department of Economic and Employment Development.
Maryland Department of Labor. In July 2019, the Department of Labor, Licensing, and Regulation was renamed the Maryland Department of Labor (Chapter 91, Acts of 2019).
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